This fascinating article highlights the environmental, social and geo-political impact of extracting two of the fundamental elements needed in the drive towards electrification and, ultimately, net zero: lithium and copper. Many current extraction technologies require huge volumes of water, often in water-poor parts of the world. Significant investment and innovation is going to be required to remove these barriers to net zero.
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Barriers to net zero
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The production process of lithium, which involves generating about 15 tonnes of carbon for every tonne of the mineral extracted from hard rock and using about two million litres of water for every tonne of lithium produced from brine, is causing fears over its future availability.
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